Spontaneous Development of Dental Dysplasia in Aged Parp-1 Knockout Mice

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (Parp)-1 catalyzes polyADP-ribosylation using NAD⁺ and is involved in the DNA damage response, genome stability, and transcription. In this study, we demonstrated that aged Parp-1 mouse incisors showed more frequent dental dysplasia in both ICR/129Sv mixed background and C57BL/6 strain compared to aged Parp-1 incisors, suggesting that Parp-1 deficiency could be involved in development of dental dysplasia at an advanced age. Computed tomography images confirmed that dental dysplasia was observed at significantly higher incidences in Parp-1 mice. The relative calcification levels of Parp-1 incisors were higher in both enamel and dentin (p < 0.05). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed (1) Parp-1 positivity in ameloblasts and odontoblasts in Parp-1 incisor, (2) weaker dentin sialoprotein positivity in dentin of Parp-1 incisor, and (3) bone sialoprotein positivity in dentin of Parp-1 incisor, suggesting ectopic osteogenic formation in dentin of Parp-1 incisor. These results indicate that Parp-1 deficiency promotes odontogenic failure in incisors at an advanced age. Parp-1 deficiency did not affect dentinogenesis during the development of mice, suggesting that Parp-1 is not essential in dentinogenesis during development but is possibly involved in the regulation of continuous dentinogenesis in the incisors at an advanced age.