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Related Concept Videos

The Auditory Ossicles01:11

The Auditory Ossicles

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The auditory ossicles of the middle ear transmit sounds from the air as vibrations to the fluid-filled cochlea. The auditory ossicles consist of two malleus (hammer) bones, two incus (anvil) bones, and two stapes (stirrups), one on each side. These bones develop during the fetal stage and are the ones to ossify first. They are fully mature at birth and do not grow afterward.
The aptly named stapes look very much like a stirrup. The three ossicles are unique to mammals, and each plays a role in...
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Updated: Jan 6, 2026

The Microscopic Transcanal Approach in Stapes Surgery Revisited
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The Microscopic Transcanal Approach in Stapes Surgery Revisited

Published on: February 16, 2022

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Office-Based Stapes Surgery.

Béatrice Voizard1, Anastasios Maniakas1, Issam Saliba1

  • 1Division of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery-Otology and Neurotology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.

Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery : Official Journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
|October 2, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Stapes surgery for otosclerosis is as successful and safe in an office-based setting (OBS) as in a hospital operating room setting (ORS). This study provides evidence for OBS as a viable alternative for patients facing long operating room wait times.

Keywords:
day surgeryoffice-based surgeryotosclerosisstapedectomystapedotomystapes surgery

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Surgical Innovation
  • Audiology

Background:

  • Otosclerosis is a condition causing hearing loss due to abnormal bone growth in the middle ear.
  • Stapes surgery aims to restore hearing by replacing the stapes bone.
  • Traditional stapes surgery is performed in hospital operating rooms (ORS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility, success, and safety of stapes surgery for otosclerosis in an office-based setting (OBS).
  • To compare outcomes of OBS stapes surgery with those performed in a traditional ORS.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cohort study comparing stapes surgeries performed by the same surgeon in an OBS and an ORS between October 2014 and January 2017.
  • Patients underwent identical surgical techniques, with pre- and post-operative audiograms (4 and 12 months) to assess hearing outcomes, including air-bone gaps (ABGs).
  • Complication rates were compared between the two settings.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in mean 1-year postoperative ABG between the OBS (6.30 dB) and ORS (5.66 dB) groups (P = .55).
  • Similar improvements in ABG were observed in both groups (OBS: 23.15 dB, ORS: 24.27 dB; P = .68).
  • Complication rates were comparable, though the study was underpowered to detect minor differences.

Conclusions:

  • Stapes surgery for otosclerosis in an office-based setting demonstrates comparable success and safety to the hospital operating room setting.
  • Office-based stapes surgery offers a practical alternative for patients experiencing extended waiting times for traditional operating room procedures.