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The Fatalistic Decision Maker: Time Perspective, Working Memory, and Older Adults' Decision-Making Competence.

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Older adults with a present fatalistic time perspective show lower decision-making competence. This fatalism, alongside working memory decline, mediates age-related differences in decision-making ability.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Time perspective (TP) influences decision-making style, but its link to decision-making competence (DMC) is unexplored.
  • Older adults often exhibit age-related changes in cognitive functions and decision-making.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between time perspective dimensions and decision-making competence in older adults.
  • To explore the mediating roles of present fatalistic attitudes and working memory in age-related DMC differences.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Swedish Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (S-ZTPI) and the Adult Decision-Making Competence (A-DMC) battery.
  • Employed structural equation modeling with a sample of 346 older adults (aged 60-90).

Main Results:

  • A significant negative association was found between the Present Fatalistic TP dimension and DMC.
  • Age-related differences in DMC were fully mediated by Present Fatalistic attitudes and working memory, which together explained 51% of the variance in DMC.

Conclusions:

  • Decision-making competence in older adults, especially complex aspects like rule application, is negatively impacted by present fatalistic attitudes and working memory decline.
  • Both motivational (present fatalism) and cognitive (working memory) factors are crucial for effective decision-making in aging populations.