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Training Participants to Focus on Critical Facial Features Does Not Decrease Own-Group Bias.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • The own-group recognition bias (OGB) is a phenomenon where individuals exhibit better recognition for faces of their own social group compared to other groups.
  • This bias may stem from differential face processing strategies, with featural processing potentially impairing recognition more than configural processing.
  • Previous research suggested that directing featural processing towards group-discriminating features could reduce the OGB.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether perceptual training, focusing on specific facial features, can reduce the OGB in White participants recognizing Black faces.
  • To replicate and extend findings by Hills and Lewis (2006) regarding the impact of featural processing on OGB.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty White participants underwent a perceptual training task designed to enhance focus on discriminating features of Black faces, particularly the lower halves.
  • Eye-tracking technology was used to record visual attention patterns during the training and recognition tasks.
  • Participants' response criteria and false alarm rates for own-group and other-group faces were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Participants successfully modified their visual attention, spending more time on the lower halves of faces post-training.
  • Contrary to expectations, the own-group recognition bias (OGB) significantly increased after the training intervention.
  • An increased false alarm rate was observed for other-group faces, indicating a lowered response criterion, which did not occur for own-group faces.

Conclusions:

  • Perceptual training aimed at enhancing featural processing of specific facial regions did not reduce, but instead amplified, the own-group recognition bias.
  • The observed increase in OGB may be attributed to altered response criteria, specifically a greater tendency to falsely identify other-group faces.
  • Current findings challenge the notion that directing featural processing to specific features is an effective strategy for mitigating intergroup face recognition biases.