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Systematic acute and subchronic toxicity evaluation of polysaccharide-protein complex-functionalized selenium
Zehang Zhang1, Yanxin Du, Ting Liu
1The First Affiliated Hospital, and Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China. tchentf@jnu.edu.cn.
Polysaccharide-protein complex coated selenium nanoparticles (PTR-SeNPs) show low toxicity and inhibit cancer growth. These findings support their potential use in nanomedicine and nutritional science for oral administration.
Area of Science:
- Nanomedicine
- Toxicology
- Oncology
Background:
- Functionalized selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) show promise in cancer therapy, radio-sensitization, and drug delivery.
- Systemic safety evaluation is crucial for clinical application of SeNPs.
- Polysaccharide-protein complex coated SeNPs (PTR-SeNPs) were developed to address these needs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the acute and subchronic toxicity of PTR-SeNPs.
- To investigate the anticancer efficacy of PTR-SeNPs in vivo.
- To elucidate the mechanism of action for PTR-SeNPs' anticancer effects.
Main Methods:
- Acute and subchronic toxicity studies in ICR mice and SD rats.
- Anticancer activity assessment in a tumor-bearing nude mouse model.
- Histological analysis of major organs and investigation of cellular mechanisms (caspase activation, mitochondrial dysfunction).
Main Results:
- PTR-SeNPs exhibited low oral acute toxicity (high LD50) and a NOAEL below 200 μg Se/kg BW/day.
- Oral administration of PTR-SeNPs (0.75-7.5 mg kg-1) significantly inhibited tumor growth without causing major organ damage.
- Anticancer effects were attributed to caspase activation and mitochondrial dysfunction.
Conclusions:
- PTR-SeNPs demonstrate a favorable safety profile and significant anticancer activity.
- The study presents a scalable method for manufacturing SeNPs with reduced toxicity and enhanced efficacy.
- Results support the translational application of PTR-SeNPs in nanomedicine and nutritional science via oral administration.
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