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Levothyroxine supplementation in hypothyroid bitches during pregnancy.

Julie Cecere1, Beverly Purswell2, David Panciera1

  • 1Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, 205 Duck Pond Drive, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA.

Theriogenology
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Summary

Standard levothyroxine supplementation effectively maintains thyroid health in pregnant hypothyroid dogs. This ensures a euthyroid state, preventing complications for both mother and puppies.

Keywords:
HypothyroidismLevothyroxine supplementationPregnancy

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Canine Reproduction

Background:

  • Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder in dogs, often hereditary.
  • Previous research indicates hypothyroidism negatively impacts canine fertility and offspring viability.
  • Human studies show increased thyroxine needs during pregnancy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if pregnant hypothyroid dogs require increased levothyroxine dosages.
  • To determine if standard supplementation maintains a euthyroid state during canine gestation.

Main Methods:

  • Experimentally-induced hypothyroidism in six bitches receiving levothyroxine.
  • Four euthyroid bitches served as controls.
  • Thyroid function tests (T4, fT4, TSH, T3) were measured from ovulation through pregnancy.

Main Results:

  • All bitches delivered normal litters.
  • Euthyroid bitches showed no significant hormonal changes during pregnancy.
  • Supplemented hypothyroid bitches maintained a euthyroid state, with some showing elevated T4 and fT4 levels during gestation.

Conclusions:

  • Standard levothyroxine supplementation is adequate for maintaining euthyroid status in pregnant hypothyroid dogs.
  • Canine thyroid hormone profiles in euthyroid dogs are not altered by gestation.