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Synthesis of Near-Infrared Emitting Gold Nanoclusters for Biological Applications
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Atomic-Precision Gold Clusters for NIR-II Imaging.

Haile Liu1, Guosong Hong2, Zhentao Luo3

  • 1Department of Physics and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials Physics and Preparing Technology, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300354, China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|October 3, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New bright gold clusters offer advanced near-infrared II (NIR-II) imaging for deep tissue visualization. These gold nanoprobes enable precise in vivo brain and tumor imaging with excellent safety profiles.

Keywords:
bioimaginggold clustersmetal nanoclusterssecond near-infrared window

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Near-infrared II (NIR-II) imaging (1100-1700 nm) offers deep tissue penetration and high resolution for medical diagnosis.
  • Current NIR-II fluorophores suffer from slow excretion and low brightness, limiting clinical applications.
  • Development of novel, brighter, and rapidly cleared NIR-II imaging agents is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize atomic-precision gold (Au) clusters as bright NIR-II fluorophores.
  • To evaluate the in vivo performance of these gold clusters for deep tissue imaging, including brain vasculature and tumor metastasis.
  • To assess the biodistribution, excretion, and toxicity of the developed gold clusters.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of atomic-precision gold (Au) clusters (Au25) with peptide ligands.
  • Metal-atom doping to enhance fluorescence quantum yield.
  • In vivo NIR-II imaging of brain blood vessels and tumor metastasis in mice.
  • Time-resolved blood-flow imaging and kidney imaging at depth.
  • Biodistribution and toxicity studies at a dose of 100 mg kg-1.

Main Results:

  • Au25 clusters exhibit NIR-II emission (1100-1350 nm) with significantly enhanced brightness via metal-atom doping.
  • Demonstrated deep tissue penetration for in vivo brain vessel imaging and high-resolution imaging of primary tumors and lymphatic metastasis.
  • Time-resolved imaging revealed differences in brain blood flow between healthy and diseased mice.
  • High-resolution kidney imaging at 0.61 cm depth was achieved.
  • 86% of gold clusters cleared from the body with no observed acute or long-term toxicity.

Conclusions:

  • Atomic-precision gold clusters are promising bright NIR-II fluorophores for advanced biomedical imaging.
  • These gold nanoprobes enable high-resolution visualization of deep tissues, including vasculature and metastatic spread.
  • The demonstrated safety and efficient clearance profile support their potential for clinical translation.