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Updated: Jan 6, 2026

A Mouse Tumor Model of Surgical Stress to Explore the Mechanisms of Postoperative Immunosuppression and Evaluate Novel Perioperative Immunotherapies
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Immunomodulatory Effects of Surgery, Pain, and Opioids in Cancer Patients

James A Perry1, Hope Douglas2

  • 1Veterinary Cancer and Surgery Specialists, 10400 Southeast Main Street, Milwaukie, OR 97222, USA.

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice
|October 5, 2019
PubMed

Keywords:
CancerImmunomodulationOpioidsPalliative carePerioperative immunosuppression

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