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Titanium pigmentation. An electron probe microanalysis study.

A Dupre, P Touron, J Daste

    Archives of Dermatology
    |May 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Titanium dioxide in a topical cream caused a yellow, xanthoma-like skin condition on a patient's penis. Electron probe microanalysis confirmed titanium dioxide as the cause of this pigmentary disease.

    Area of Science:

    • Dermatology
    • Toxicology
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a widely used compound in sunscreens and cosmetics.
    • Pigmentary diseases can arise from exogenous substances.
    • Balanitis is inflammation of the glans penis.

    Observation:

    • A patient presented with a xanthoma-like (yellowish, lipid-rich deposit) appearance on the penis.
    • This condition developed after the application of a topical cream containing titanium dioxide.
    • The clinical presentation mimicked a lipid disorder but was localized to the application site.

    Findings:

    • Electron probe microanalysis (EPM) identified titanium dioxide particles within the affected skin.
    • EPM confirmed that the topical titanium dioxide was the causative agent of the pigmentary change and balanitis.

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  • Histopathological examination supported the diagnosis of a TiO2-induced pigmentary deposition.

    • Implications:

    • This case highlights a rare adverse reaction to topical titanium dioxide.
    • It underscores the importance of considering exogenous substances in the differential diagnosis of pigmentary disorders.
    • Electron probe microanalysis is a valuable tool for identifying inorganic material-induced skin conditions.