Dual Function of Magnesium in Bone Biomineralization
Jinglun Zhang1, Lin Tang2, Haoning Qi1
1State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
Advanced Healthcare Materials
|October 5, 2019
Summary
Magnesium (Mg2+) has dual roles in bone formation. Optimal Mg2+ levels promote bone mineralization, while excessive amounts inhibit it, impacting bone regeneration and implant design.
Area of Science:
- Biomineralization research
- Skeletal development
- Biomaterials science
Background:
- Magnesium (Mg2+) is crucial for bone health and regeneration.
- Mg2+'s inhibitory effect on hydroxyapatite (HA) crystallization is known, but its precise role in bone biomineralization is unclear.
- Understanding Mg2+'s mechanisms is vital for developing effective bone substitutes and implants.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the dual roles of magnesium (Mg2+) in bone biomineralization.
- To investigate the impact of Mg2+ concentration and timing on osteogenesis.
- To explore the effects of Mg2+ on hydroxyapatite (HA) formation and collagen mineralization.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of Mg2+ concentration during embryonic development (E13.5-E15.5).
- Assessment of Mg2+ effects on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell mineralization and osteogenesis.
- Investigation of Mg2+'s influence on HA crystalline morphology and collagen calcification.
- Evaluation of high-Mg2+ diet effects on bone biomineralization in mouse offspring.
Main Results:
- Mg2+ concentration follows a developmental pattern, peaking early and then stabilizing.
- Appropriate Mg2+ promotes stem cell mineralization, but excess Mg2+ impairs osteogenesis.
- Early Mg2+ addition causes stronger mineralization inhibition; high Mg2+ alters HA morphology and inhibits collagen calcification.
- High-Mg2+ diet negatively impacts bone biomineralization in offspring.
Conclusions:
- Mg2+ exhibits dose-dependent and time-dependent effects on bone biomineralization.
- Temporal regulation of Mg2+ concentration is critical for normal skeletal development.
- Findings inform the design of Mg2+-containing bone substitutes and implants for enhanced efficacy.
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