[Late-onset sjögren's syndrom]

Area of Science:

• Rheumatology
• Immunology
• Geriatrics

Background:

• Sjögren's syndrome is a systemic autoimmune disorder causing exocrine gland damage, leading to dry eyes and mouth.
• Extraglandular manifestations are also common in Sjögren's syndrome.
• Typical onset is between ages 30-50, but late-onset forms exist.

Purpose of the Study:

• To define late-onset Sjögren's syndrome (LOSS).
• To highlight diagnostic challenges in elderly patients.
• To compare LOSS with early-onset Sjögren's syndrome.

Main Methods:

• Literature review on Sjögren's syndrome onset and prevalence.
• Analysis of diagnostic criteria and symptom presentation in elderly populations.
• Comparison of clinical courses between different age groups.

Main Results:

• Late-onset Sjögren's syndrome is typically defined as onset after age 65, though variations exist (50-70).
• Estimated prevalence of LOSS is approximately 20%.
• Delayed diagnosis in the elderly may result from attributing sicca symptoms to aging or medications, and potential lack of specific antibodies.

Conclusions:

• Late-onset Sjögren's syndrome presents unique diagnostic hurdles in the elderly population.
• Recognizing LOSS is crucial for timely and accurate diagnosis and management.
• Further research is needed to understand the distinct clinical course and outcomes of LOSS.