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Freshmen weight and body composition change determinants: A scoping review
Oliver W A Wilson1, Madison M Galascio1,2, Melissa Bopp1
1Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Journal of American College Health : J of ACH
|October 8, 2019
Summary
Freshmen weight and body composition changes are influenced by diet and physical activity. Alcohol consumption is linked to negative changes, highlighting areas for improved health interventions and policies.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Nutrition Science
- Exercise Physiology
Background:
- University freshmen often experience significant changes in weight and body composition.
- Understanding the determinants of these changes is crucial for developing effective health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a scoping review of determinants influencing freshmen weight and body composition changes.
- To inform practice, policymaking, and research aimed at improving student health and well-being.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search and review of potential sources.
- Removal of duplicates followed by title, abstract, and full-text review.
- Systematic review and synthesis of 85 retained sources.
Main Results:
- Dietary characteristics and physical activity appear to influence freshmen weight and body composition.
- Alcohol consumption is associated with adverse weight and body composition changes.
- Variations in study design and methodology complicate direct comparisons of determinants.
Conclusions:
- Improvements in study design, measurement, analysis, and reporting are needed.
- Enhanced research will provide better insights into body composition changes and their determinants.
- Informed interventions and policies can benefit students' health and well-being.
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