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Unity and diversity among viral kinases.

Chintalapati Janaki1, Manoharan Malini2, Nidhi Tyagi2

  • 1Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India; Centre for Development of Advanced Computing, Knowledge Park, Byappanahalli, Bangalore, India.

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|October 8, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study comprehensively analyzes viral protein kinases, identifying conserved regions and classifying them into subfamilies. Findings reveal host-specific clustering and potential roles in cancer, aiding future viral kinase classification.

Keywords:
Herpesviral kinasesKinase classificationKinase subfamiliesPhycodnaviridae kinasesPoxvirus kinasesRetroviral kinasesViral genomes

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Viral kinases play roles in disease and virulence by phosphorylating viral and host substrates.
  • Existing research on viral kinase diversity has gaps in understanding sequence and structural similarities across different viral classes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a comprehensive analysis of protein kinases encoded in viral genomes.
  • To identify sequence and structural similarities among viral kinases from diverse viral classes.
  • To classify viral kinases and identify conserved signatures for future characterization.

Main Methods:

  • Homology search methods were used to identify kinases from 104,282 viral genomic datasets.
  • Identified protein kinases were classified into 63 subfamilies based on sequence similarity.
  • Sequence and structure-based analyses were performed, referencing eukaryotic kinases.

Main Results:

  • Serine/threonine and tyrosine kinases were found in 390 viral genomes, primarily in double-stranded DNA and single-stranded RNA retroviruses.
  • 11 kinase subfamilies contained at least 10 members, with kinases from dsDNA viruses (Phycodnaviridae, Herpesvirales) forming a major group.
  • Conserved residues and motifs were identified in kinase catalytic domains, with some viral kinases showing similarity to eukaryotic kinases and potential oncogenic roles in giant viruses.

Conclusions:

  • Viral protein kinases from the same taxonomic lineages form distinct clusters, and alphaherpesvirus kinases exhibit host-specific clustering.
  • Conserved sequence regions specific to viral kinase clusters can serve as signatures for classifying uncharacterized viral kinases.
  • Kinases from giant viruses (Marseilleviridae) show similarities to viral oncogenes, suggesting a potential role in cancer development.