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Published on: January 5, 2016
[HIV early infant diagnosis test in HIV-exposed children in China, 2015-2017]
1National Center for Women and Children's Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100081, China.
Insights
The early infant diagnosis (EID) test rate for HIV-exposed children in China increased significantly from 2015-2017. However, lower EID test rates were observed in minority ethnic groups and children who died within 18 months.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Early infant diagnosis (EID) is crucial for managing HIV-exposed infants.
- Understanding EID test rates and associated factors is vital for improving child health outcomes in China.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the trends in EID test rates among HIV-exposed children in China between 2015 and 2017.
- To identify factors associated with EID testing in this population.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 12,096 HIV-exposed children's follow-up data from China's Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Management Information System.
- Data collected for children up to 18 months of age between 2015 and 2017.
- Statistical analysis of EID test rates, positive rates, and associated demographic and clinical factors.
Main Results:
- The overall EID test rate in HIV-exposed children increased from 65.6% to 83.4% (P<0.001) from 2015 to 2017.
- EID testing within 8 weeks increased from 61.1% to 76.8% (P<0.001), while the EID positive rate decreased from 8.7% to 3.4% (P<0.001).
- EID test rates were significantly associated with ethnic group, living area, survival status, and age at 18 months.
Conclusions:
- EID testing performance in China has shown progressive standardization.
- A declining trend in EID positive rates was observed over the study period.
- Lower EID test rates were noted in minority ethnic groups, children in low HIV prevalence areas, and those who died within 18 months.
Abstract:
Objective: To understand the early infant diagnosis (EID) test rate and associated factors in HIV-exposed children in China during 2015-2017. Methods: The follow-up information cards of 12 096 HIV-exposed children for 18 months after birth during 2015-2017 were collected from the Management Information System of China's Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV for a retrospective analysis. The EID test characteristics of HIV exposed children and associated factors were analyzed. Results: From 2015 to 2017, the EID test rate in HIV exposed children increased from 65.6% to 83.4% in China (trend χ(2) P<0.001). The EID test rate within 8 weeks after birth increased from 61.1% to 76.8% (trend χ(2) P<0.001), but the EID positive rate decreased from 8.7% to 3.4% (trend χ(2) P<0.001). The EID positive rate in fatal HIV-exposed children was 47.7%, 36.9% and 36.3% during 2015-2017, respectively, the differences were not significant. EID test rate was associated with ethnic group, living area, survival status and the year reaching 18-month-old of the children. Conclusions: The performance of EID test has been standardized step by step in China. The positive rate of EID test decreased gradually with year. However, the EID test rates in children who were from minority ethnic groups, lived in areas with lower prevalence of HIV infection and died within 18 months after birth were relatively low.
