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Spatially resolved diffuse imaging for high-speed depth estimation of jet injection.

Kieran A Brennan1, Bryan P Ruddy1,2, Poul M F Nielsen1,2

  • 1Auckland Bioengineering Institute, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

Journal of Biophotonics
|October 10, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Spatially resolved diffuse imaging tracks high-speed fluid jet injections into skin tissue. This method accurately estimates injection depth, crucial for drug delivery applications.

Keywords:
cutaneous administrationdiffuse imagingjet injectionscatteringtransdermal drug delivery

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Optics
  • Biophotonics
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Jet injectors offer needle-free drug delivery beneath the dermis.
  • Accurate tracking of injection depth is critical for effective and safe drug administration.
  • Spatiotemporal optical methods can potentially monitor dynamic processes within tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of spatially resolved diffuse imaging for tracking fluid jet injections into skin.
  • To develop and validate a method for estimating the effective depth of jet injections using optical measurements.
  • To assess the accuracy of the developed method in ex vivo tissue models.

Main Methods:

  • A laser beam was incorporated into a high-speed fluid jet injector for ex vivo porcine tissue experiments.
  • Diffuse light emission from the tissue was recorded using high-speed videography.
  • Reference data were generated using a depth-controlled fiber optic source for model calibration.
  • An empirical model relating surface light intensity to source depth was developed and applied.

Main Results:

  • The side light distribution correlated with source depth in controlled experiments.
  • Post-injection X-ray imaging confirmed agreement between jet penetration and optical source depth.
  • An empirical model accurately estimated injection depth from surface light profiles.
  • Depth estimates for injections into fat showed good agreement with side depth estimates (RMSE 1.1 mm up to 8 mm depth).

Conclusions:

  • Spatially resolved diffuse imaging is a viable technique for monitoring fluid jet injection depth in real-time.
  • The developed optical method provides accurate depth estimations, particularly relevant for needle-free drug delivery systems.
  • This approach holds promise for improving the precision and safety of jet injector therapies.