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Persistent fetal superficial middle cerebral vein: an anatomical study
Suhani Sumalatha1, Sushma R Kotian1, Ashwija Shetty1
1Department of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
The superficial middle cerebral vein (SMCV) typically drains into the cavernous sinus. However, this study found anatomical variations in fetal cadavers, with some SMCVs draining into the superior petrosal or transverse sinuses.
Area of Science:
- Neuroanatomy
- Vascular Anatomy
- Developmental Anatomy
Background:
- The superficial middle cerebral vein (SMCV) is a key cerebral vein draining superolateral brain surfaces.
- Standard anatomical texts describe SMCV drainage into the cavernous sinus.
- Radiological studies suggest SMCV drainage patterns are variable, but cadaveric evidence is limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate anatomical variations in the drainage patterns of the superficial middle cerebral vein (SMCV).
- To provide cadaveric evidence for SMCV drainage variations in fetal specimens.
Main Methods:
- Dissection of formalin-fixed, full-term fetal cadavers.
- Systematic identification and documentation of SMCV drainage pathways.
Main Results:
- Variations in SMCV drainage were observed in 5 out of 30 fetal specimens (16.6%).
- 10% of specimens showed SMCV draining into the superior petrosal sinus.
- 6.6% of specimens showed SMCV draining into the transverse sinus; others drained into the cavernous sinus.
Conclusions:
- The superficial middle cerebral vein (SMCV) exhibits significant drainage variations, deviating from the typical cavernous sinus pathway.
- Understanding these anatomical variations is crucial for diagnosing cavernous sinus pathologies and performing paracavernous sinus surgeries.
- Knowledge of SMCV and superior petrosal sinus variations is vital for endovascular treatment of arteriovenous fistulas, as they can serve as venous reflux routes.
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