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Related Concept Videos

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Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
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Related Experiment Video

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Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging
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Dynamic Functional Connectivity Reveals Abnormal Variability and Hyper-connected Pattern in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Yu Li1, Yuying Zhu1,2, Benedictor Alexander Nguchu1

  • 1Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

Autism Research : Official Journal of the International Society for Autism Research
|October 16, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Dynamic functional connectivity (DFC) analysis reveals altered brain network dynamics in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Instability in connections, particularly involving the posterior cingulate gyrus, correlates with ASD symptom severity and may indicate potential biomarkers.

Keywords:
ABIDEIIautismdynamic functional connectivityhyper-connected patterntemporal variability

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Brain Imaging

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by altered brain connectivity.
  • Static functional connectivity analyses in ASD overlook crucial brain activity dynamics.
  • Dynamic functional connectivity (DFC) may offer deeper insights into ASD mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate dynamic functional connectivity (DFC) and clustering in children with ASD and typically developing (TD) controls.
  • To explore the relationship between DFC patterns and ASD symptom severity.
  • To identify potential neural indicators of ASD using brain connectivity dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Applied sliding-window and k-means clustering to DFC analyses.
  • Utilized data from 62 ASD and 63 TD children from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange.
  • Examined connectivity variability between specific brain regions, including PCC and IFGoper.

Main Results:

  • ASD group exhibited higher DFC variability between the posterior cingulate gyrus (PCC) and middle temporal pole (TPOmid).
  • Increased DFC variability between PCC and pars opercularis of the inferior frontal gyrus (IFGoper) was observed in ASD, correlating with symptom severity.
  • ASD group showed higher dwell time and transition probability for hyper-connected states, linked to PCC-IFGoper variability.

Conclusions:

  • The PCC and IFGoper play significant roles in characterizing ASD symptom severity and brain state configurations.
  • Brain connectivity dynamics, specifically DFC, show potential as indicators for ASD.
  • Findings contribute to understanding neural mechanisms underlying ASD and social cognitive dysfunction.