High-efficiency electrocatalyst for N₂ conversion to NH₃ based on Au nanoparticles loaded on defective WO_3-x

In this work, Au nanoparticles (NPs) grown on defective WO3-x (Au/WO3-x) show superior electrocatalytic N2 reduction activity under ambient conditions in 0.1 M KOH. At -0.2 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode (vs. RHE), the Au/WO3-x catalyst achieves a large NH3 yield of 23.15 μg h-1 mg-1 and a high faradaic efficiency (FE) of 14.72%. Further density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that electron transfer between the Au nanoparticles and defective WO3-x promotes the activation of N2 molecules effectively.