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[Hearing and cognition: neurocognitive test batteries in otorhinolaryngology]
C Völter1, L Götze2, U Bruene-Cohrs3
1Klinik für Hals‑, Nasen- und Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, St. Elisabeth-Hospital, Klinikum der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bleichstr. 15, 44787, Bochum, Deutschland. christiane.voelter@rub.de.
Background:
Hearing and cognition are closely related to each other. Particularly in suboptimal listening situations, cognitive abilities become important to enable speech comprehension. Besides, studies have indicated that hearing impairment is associated with a more rapid mental decline compared to persons with normal hearing. However, hearing loss also has an impact on neurocognitive testing, which is generally based on auditive stimuli. With increasing age, the risk of sensory but also of cognitive impairments increases. So far this comorbidity receives little consideration in otorhinolaryngology.
Materials And Methods:
The paper presents an overview and evaluation of widely used German neurocognitive test batteries for older patients, with regard to the different test modalities and their focus.
Results:
A multitude of different neurocognitive screening tests and detailed test batteries are available, particularly in the field of dementia. So far, sensory deficits have not been considered in neurocognitive testing, neither concerning application nor interpretation. Normative data adapted to the hearing impaired are still missing.
Conclusion:
With regard to demographic changes and the well-known bias between hearing and cognition, screening of neurocognitive functions should be implemented in basic otorhinolaryngologic diagnostics. More comprehensive test batteries might be useful for research purposes or speech therapy.
