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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

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Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
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Cancer Prevention02:59

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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Cancer02:18

Cancer

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Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
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Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy01:25

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The colon, or large intestine, is the final segment of the digestive system. Its primary functions include absorbing water and vitamins produced by gut bacteria and transforming waste from liquid to solid to form stool. In adults, the large intestine is approximately 5 feet long and consists of four main sections:
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Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

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Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
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Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
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Competing-Risk Nomogram for Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Multiple Primary Colorectal Cancer Patients after Surgery
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Competing-Risk Nomogram for Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Multiple Primary Colorectal Cancer Patients after Surgery

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Colorectal cancer.

Evelien Dekker1, Pieter J Tanis2, Jasper L A Vleugels3

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Lancet (London, England)
|October 22, 2019
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This summary is machine-generated.

Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer death. Early detection through screening programs improves outcomes, though advanced treatments offer better survival for metastatic disease.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 5, 2026

Competing-Risk Nomogram for Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Multiple Primary Colorectal Cancer Patients after Surgery
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A Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Sporadic Colorectal Cancer
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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Colorectal cancer incidence and mortality have risen globally.
  • Risk factors include aging, diet, obesity, inactivity, and smoking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of colorectal cancer.
  • To highlight advancements in treatment and the importance of screening.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of colorectal cancer pathophysiology, risk factors, and treatment modalities.
  • Analysis of survival data and the impact of screening programs.

Main Results:

  • New treatments have improved overall survival for advanced colorectal cancer to 3 years.
  • Survival remains significantly better for non-metastasised disease.

Conclusions:

  • Early detection via organized screening is crucial for reducing colorectal cancer morbidity and mortality.
  • Multimodal treatment strategies are essential for managing both local and advanced disease.