Recent Progress in Electrode Materials for Nonaqueous Lithium-Ion Capacitors.

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Electrochemistry
• Energy Storage

Background:

• Lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) combine battery anodes and capacitor cathodes to achieve high energy and power density.
• Simultaneously optimizing energy and power density remains a key challenge in LIC development.
• Material selection for both electrodes critically influences LIC performance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the working principles of LICs.
• To discuss categories, electrochemical performance, and matching strategies for anode and cathode materials.
• To highlight structural designs for prelithiation transition-metal compounds in anodes and low-dimensional carbon materials in cathodes.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on lithium-ion capacitor materials.
• Analysis of working principles to understand performance determinants.
• Focus on structural design of anode materials (prelithiation transition-metal compounds).
• Emphasis on fabrication and morphology control of cathode materials (low-dimensional carbon).

Main Results:

• Discussion on various categories and electrochemical performance of LIC anodes and cathodes.
• Summary of structural design strategies for prelithiation transition-metal compound anodes.
• Emphasis on fabrication and morphology adjustment of low-dimensional carbon cathodes.
• Analysis of electrode matching strategies for enhanced LIC performance.

Conclusions:

• Material design for both anodes and cathodes is crucial for achieving high energy and power density in LICs.
• Specific focus on prelithiation transition-metal compounds for anodes and low-dimensional carbon for cathodes offers promising avenues.
• Future research should address the prospects and challenges in developing advanced lithium-ion capacitors.