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Surgically-oriented anatomical study of mandibular premolars: A CBCT study.
Stefano Corbella1, Martino Baruffaldi2, Isabella Perondi2
1Visiting Professor, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy. IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Dental Clinic, Milan, Italy. Professor, Institute of Dentistry, Dept. of Oral Surgery, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow state medical University, Moscow, Russia.
Mandibular premolar anatomy shows significant variation, impacting surgical endodontics. Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) is crucial for planning procedures near the mental nerve.
Area of Science:
- Dentistry
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Background:
- Understanding root canal anatomy and relationships is vital for surgical endodontics planning.
- Mandibular premolars present unique anatomical challenges due to their proximity to the mental nerve.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the anatomical features of mandibular premolars.
- To evaluate the relationship between mandibular premolars and the mental nerve.
Main Methods:
- Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) scans of 100 mandibular premolars were analyzed.
- Root number, root canal configuration, and proximity to the mental nerve were recorded.
- Simulated root resections assessed canal morphology and distances to bone plates and the mental foramen.
Main Results:
- The most common configuration was one root with one canal.
- The mental foramen was located at the mesial-superficial plane (MSP) in 40% of cases and between MSP and the mid-facial plane (MFP) in 46%.
- The distance from the root apex to the buccal bone plate was consistently less than to the lingual plate.
Conclusions:
- Significant anatomical heterogeneity exists in mandibular premolars.
- CBCT imaging is essential for precise surgical endodontic planning in this region.
- Awareness of these anatomical variations can improve surgical outcomes and reduce risks associated with the mental nerve.
