Jove
Visualize
Contact Us

Related Concept Videos

Theories of Dissolution: The Danckwerts' Model and Interfacial Barrier Model01:09

Theories of Dissolution: The Danckwerts' Model and Interfacial Barrier Model

730
Various dissolution theories provide insight into the factors that influence the dissolution rate. Danckwerts' Model suggests that turbulence, rather than a stagnant layer, characterizes the dissolution medium at the solid-liquid interface. In this model, the agitated solvent contains macroscopic packets that move to the interface via eddy currents, facilitating the absorption and delivery of the drug to the bulk solution. The regular replenishment of solvent packets maintains the...
730
Multi-Step Reactions02:31

Multi-Step Reactions

8.5K
Chemical reactions often occur in a stepwise fashion involving two or more distinct reactions taking place in a sequence. A balanced equation indicates the reacting species and the product species, but it reveals no details about how the reaction occurs at the molecular level. The reaction mechanism (or reaction path) provides details regarding the precise, step-by-step process by which a reaction occurs. Each of the steps in a reaction mechanism is called an elementary reaction. These...
8.5K
Le Chatelier's Principle: Changing Concentration02:27

Le Chatelier's Principle: Changing Concentration

65.0K
A system at equilibrium is in a state of dynamic balance, with forward and reverse reactions taking place at equal rates. If an equilibrium system is subjected to a change in conditions that affects these reaction rates differently (a stress), then the rates are no longer equal and the system is not at equilibrium. The system will subsequently experience a net reaction in the direction of a greater rate (a shift) that will re-establish the equilibrium. This phenomenon is summarized by Le...
65.0K
Temperature Dependence on Reaction Rate02:55

Temperature Dependence on Reaction Rate

88.3K
The Collision Theory
Atoms, molecules, or ions must collide before they can react with each other. Atoms must be close together to form chemical bonds. This premise is the basis for a theory that explains many observations regarding chemical kinetics, including factors affecting reaction rates.
The collision theory is based on the postulates that (i) the reaction rate is proportional to the rate of reactant collisions, (ii) the reacting species collide in an orientation allowing contact between...
88.3K
Dynamic Equilibrium02:20

Dynamic Equilibrium

61.3K
A reversible chemical reaction represents a chemical process that proceeds in both forward (left to right) and reverse (right to left) directions. When the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal, the concentrations of the reactant and product species remain constant over time and the system is at equilibrium. A special double arrow is used to emphasize the reversible nature of the reaction. The relative concentrations of reactants and products in equilibrium systems vary greatly;...
61.3K
Reaction Mechanisms03:06

Reaction Mechanisms

30.4K
Chemical reactions often occur in a stepwise fashion, involving two or more distinct reactions taking place in a sequence. A balanced equation indicates the reacting species and the product species, but it reveals no details about how the reaction occurs at the molecular level. The reaction mechanism (or reaction path) provides details regarding the precise, step-by-step process by which a reaction occurs.
For instance, the decomposition of ozone appears to follow a mechanism with two steps:
30.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Mapping the Dynamics of Thermal Frontal Polymerization: Instabilities in the Presence of Heat Losses.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2026
Same author

Effect of variable solubility on reactive convective dissolution.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2025
Same author

Frontal polymerization in thin layers: Hydrodynamic effects and asymptotic dynamics.

The Journal of chemical physics·2025
Same author

Phase transitions in chromatin: Mesoscopic and mean-field approaches.

The Journal of chemical physics·2025
Same author

Thermal effects on chemically induced Marangoni convection around A + B → C reaction fronts.

The Journal of chemical physics·2024
Same author

Effect of variable solubility on reactive dissolution in partially miscible systems.

Physical review. E·2023
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 5, 2026

Generating Controlled, Dynamic Chemical Landscapes to Study Microbial Behavior
10:07

Generating Controlled, Dynamic Chemical Landscapes to Study Microbial Behavior

Published on: January 31, 2020

6.6K

Complex dynamics of interacting fronts in a simple A+B→C reaction-diffusion system.

R Tiani1, L Rongy1

  • 1Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Nonlinear Physical Chemistry Unit, CP231, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.

Physical Review. E
|October 24, 2019
PubMed
Summary

A simple chemical reaction can create complex pattern dynamics, like attractive or repulsive interactions between reaction fronts. This occurs due to finite-size effects, offering insights into controlling patterns.

More Related Videos

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level
06:55

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level

Published on: September 26, 2016

8.3K
A Fluorescence Fluctuation Spectroscopy Assay of Protein-Protein Interactions at Cell-Cell Contacts
08:43

A Fluorescence Fluctuation Spectroscopy Assay of Protein-Protein Interactions at Cell-Cell Contacts

Published on: December 1, 2018

11.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 5, 2026

Generating Controlled, Dynamic Chemical Landscapes to Study Microbial Behavior
10:07

Generating Controlled, Dynamic Chemical Landscapes to Study Microbial Behavior

Published on: January 31, 2020

6.6K
Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level
06:55

Synthesis of Cyclic Polymers and Characterization of Their Diffusive Motion in the Melt State at the Single Molecule Level

Published on: September 26, 2016

8.3K
A Fluorescence Fluctuation Spectroscopy Assay of Protein-Protein Interactions at Cell-Cell Contacts
08:43

A Fluorescence Fluctuation Spectroscopy Assay of Protein-Protein Interactions at Cell-Cell Contacts

Published on: December 1, 2018

11.9K

Area of Science:

  • Chemical kinetics
  • Reaction-diffusion systems
  • Pattern formation

Background:

  • Pattern interaction typically requires complex reaction schemes (e.g., activator-inhibitor systems).
  • Spatio-temporal dynamics in such systems are well-studied but complex.
  • Previous research focused on intricate models for pattern generation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate that simple second-order chemical reactions can generate complex pattern dynamics.
  • To investigate attractive and repulsive interaction modes between reaction fronts.
  • To explore the role of finite-size effects in pattern complexity.

Main Methods:

  • Analytical investigation of A+B→C reaction-diffusion fronts.
  • Numerical simulations of two initially separated reaction fronts.
  • Analysis of front-front interaction based on initial separation distance.

Main Results:

  • A simple second-order reaction (A+B→C) can exhibit complex pattern dynamics.
  • Front-front interactions shift from attractive to repulsive above a critical initial distance.
  • Finite-size effects are identified as the source of this emergent complexity.

Conclusions:

  • Simple reaction-diffusion systems can produce rich spatio-temporal patterns.
  • A critical distance governs the transition between attractive and repulsive front interactions.
  • A scaling law for critical distance provides experimental and control strategies for bimolecular reactions and pattern formation.