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[Nutritional status of a population with moderate-severe cerebral palsy: Beyond the weight]

José Miguel Martínez de Zabarte Fernández1, Ignacio Ros Arnal2, José Luis Peña Segura3

  • 1Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Obispo Polanco, Teruel, España.

Anales De Pediatria
|October 24, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Children with severe cerebral palsy (CP) often experience weight loss and decreased lean body mass. However, those with less severe CP (GMFCS III-IV) frequently present with overweight or obesity. Nutritional status in CP requires careful monitoring.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Neurology
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Cerebral palsy (CP) is the leading cause of motor disability in children.
  • Nutritional status is a critical factor in the health and development of children with CP.
  • Understanding the relationship between neurological impairment and nutritional state is essential for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the nutritional status of children with cerebral palsy (CP) aged 4-15 years.
  • To investigate the correlation between neurological impairment (GMFCS grades III-V) and nutritional state.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of anthropometric measurements and bioimpedance analysis (BIA) in assessing nutritional parameters.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional, observational study involving 69 children (GMFCS grades III-V).
  • Data collection included interviews (general data, medications, nutritional habits), anthropometric measurements, and bioimpedance analysis (BIA).
  • Statistical analysis was performed to determine nutritional status and its relationship with GMFCS levels.

Main Results:

  • Moderate malnutrition affected 21.8% and severe malnutrition 5.8% of patients, particularly those with GMFCS grade V.
  • Overweight/obesity was prevalent in 23.2% of patients, notably in GMFCS grades III (24%) and IV (35%).
  • Lean body mass adequacy varied by GMFCS level (Grade III: 36%, Grade IV: 55%, Grade V: 16.7%), with fat excess observed in all grades.

Conclusions:

  • Weight deficit and reduced lean body mass are common in children with severe CP (GMFCS V).
  • Overweight/obesity is a significant concern for children with less severe CP (GMFCS III-IV).
  • Anthropometry is valuable for nutritional assessment in CP, but may underestimate fat levels compared to BIA.
Abstract

Keywords:
AnthropometryAntropometríaBioimpedanceBioimpedanciometríaCerebral palsyNutriciónNutritionObesidadObesityOverweightParálisis cerebralSobrepeso

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