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A Precision Medicine Tool for Measurement and Monitoring of Hemoglobin S in Sickle Cell Disease Patients Receiving Transfusion Therapy
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Non-invasive urinary biomarkers of renal function in sickle cell disease: an overview

Marília Rocha Laurentino1, Sérgio Luiz Arruda Parente Filho2, Lívia Leal Chagas Parente3

  • 1Post-Graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ceara, Capitão Francisco Pedro, Street, n.1210 - Rodolfo Teófilo, Fortaleza, Ceara, CEP 60430-370, Brazil. marilialaurentino@gmail.com.

Annals of Hematology
|October 24, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Sickle cell disease (SCD) causes significant kidney damage, leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). New biomarkers like KIM-1, NGAL, and MCP-1 show promise for early detection of kidney injury in SCD patients.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Nephrology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited disorder caused by the hemoglobin S (HbS) gene.
  • SCD leads to severe complications including chronic hemolysis, endothelial damage, and vaso-occlusion, resulting in multi-organ damage.
  • Kidney impairment is a frequent complication of SCD, manifesting as urinary issues, glomerulopathies, proteinuria, hematuria, and often progressing to end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate novel biomarkers for early diagnosis of kidney damage in sickle cell disease.
  • To assess the potential of kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) as indicators of renal impairment in SCD.

Main Methods:

  • The study focuses on evaluating the utility of specific novel biomarkers.
  • Methods involve assessing KIM-1, NGAL, and MCP-1 levels in patients with SCD.
  • These biomarkers are analyzed in relation to established indicators of renal function and damage.

Main Results:

  • Preliminary findings suggest that KIM-1, NGAL, and MCP-1 may serve as early indicators of renal injury in SCD.
  • These biomarkers could potentially detect kidney damage before significant functional decline or overt symptoms appear.
  • Further research is needed to validate these findings and establish clinical utility.

Conclusions:

  • Early detection of kidney damage in SCD is crucial for timely intervention and management.
  • Novel biomarkers such as KIM-1, NGAL, and MCP-1 hold promise for improving the diagnosis of renal complications in SCD.
  • Continued investigation into these biomarkers could lead to better patient outcomes and reduced progression to ESRD.

Keywords:
Anemia, Sickle cellBiomarkersKidney diseases

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