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Neurons communicate by firing action potentials—the electrochemical signal that is propagated along the axon. The signal results in the release of neurotransmitters at axon terminals, thereby transmitting information to the nervous system. An action potential is a specific "all-or-none" change in membrane potential that results in a rapid spike in voltage.
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The action potential is a complex electrical event that occurs in excitable cells, such as neurons and muscle cells. It consists of several distinct phases, each with specific characteristics.
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The propagation of an action potential refers to the process by which a nerve impulse, or "action potential," travels along a neuron.
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The asynchronous state's relation to large-scale potentials in cortex.

A Alishbayli1,2, J G Tichelaar1,3, U Gorska1,4,5

  • 1Department of Neurophysiology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Journal of Neurophysiology
|October 24, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Large-scale brain potentials (M/EEG) can be observed even during the asynchronous state (AS) with low spike correlations. This is possible due to subthreshold currents from non-spiking neurons and large, asynchronous populations.

Keywords:
EEGMEGcognitive statecorrelationspopulation activity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Systems Neuroscience

Background:

  • Large-scale potentials like M/EEG are typically linked to correlated neural activity.
  • The asynchronous state (AS) is characterized by strongly reduced spike count correlations.
  • Reconciling these two observations is crucial for understanding brain dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the apparent discrepancy between vanishing spike correlations in the AS and observable large-scale potentials.
  • To explain how M/EEG signals can be generated during the AS.
  • To survey the occurrence of the AS across different brain states, regions, and layers.

Main Methods:

  • Surveying the occurrence of the asynchronous state (AS) across brain states, regions, and layers.
  • Analyzing the contribution of subthreshold currents to large-scale potentials.
  • Examining population firing rates and activity correlations.

Main Results:

  • Large-scale potentials are observed during transitions between cortical states and within the AS.
  • Sufficiently large, asynchronous populations can generate detectable potentials with weak correlations.
  • Non-spiking neurons contribute to potentials via subthreshold currents, not spike correlations.
  • The AS is specific to certain cortical regions and layers tied to the current modality.

Conclusions:

  • The apparent disparity between the AS and M/EEG signals is reconciled.
  • Large-scale potentials can arise from asynchronous neural activity under specific conditions.
  • Understanding these dynamics improves research precision and clinical diagnosis.