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Related Experiment Video

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Data Processing Methods for 3D Seismic Imaging of Subsurface Volcanoes: Applications to the Tarim Flood Basalt

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Published on: August 7, 2017

Compositional boundary layers trigger liquid unmixing in a basaltic crystal mush.

Victoria C Honour¹, Marian B Holness², Bernard Charlier³

¹Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EQ, UK. vch28@cam.ac.uk.

Nature Communications

|October 25, 2019

Summary

Immiscible liquid separation in basaltic magma, driven by compositional boundary layers around crystals, influences ore deposit formation. This study reveals new insights into magma evolution and crystal growth dynamics.

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Area of Science:

Geochemistry
Petrology
Materials Science

Background:

Immiscible liquid separation is crucial for understanding magma evolution and forming magmatic ore deposits.
Basaltic magmas can unmix into distinct Fe-rich and Si-rich liquid phases.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the onset of liquid immiscibility in tholeiitic basaltic glass.
To explore the relationship between unmixing, crystal growth, and nanoemulsion evolution within a crystal mush.
To identify the role of compositional boundary layers in promoting unmixing.

Main Methods:

High-resolution imaging
Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA)
Atom probe tomography (APT) applied to basaltic glass from Hawaii, Snake River Plain, and Iceland.

Main Results:

Observed the unmixing of basaltic liquids into Fe-rich and Si-rich conjugates.
Identified compositional boundary layers around growing crystals as key drivers of unmixing.
Documented the evolution of nanoemulsions within a crystal mush environment.

Conclusions:

Compositional boundary layers significantly promote liquid immiscibility at melt-crystal interfaces.
Liquid immiscibility plays a critical role in controlling magma physical properties and compositional zoning in crystals.
Findings enhance understanding of magmatic ore deposit formation and magma evolution processes.