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Pre-surgical oncolytic virotherapy improves breast cancer outcomes

Victor Mullins-Dansereau1,2,3, Grégory Petrazzo1,2,3, Karen Geoffroy1,2,3

  • 1Cancer axis, CRCHUM: "Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal" Research Centre, Montreal, Canada.

Oncoimmunology
|October 25, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Neoadjuvant oncolytic virus (OV) therapy before surgery prevents cancer relapse and metastasis. This approach also enhances the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in preclinical cancer models.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Oncolytic viruses (OVs) represent a promising class of cancer biotherapeutics.
  • OVs possess the dual capability to directly eliminate cancer cells and stimulate anti-tumor immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of neoadjuvant oncolytic virus administration in preclinical cancer models.
  • To determine if OV therapy can prevent cancer relapse and metastasis post-surgery.
  • To assess the potential of OVs to sensitize tumors to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized murine models of cancer for proof-of-concept studies.
  • Administered oncolytic viruses (OVs) in a neoadjuvant setting prior to surgical intervention.
  • Assessed tumor relapse, metastatic spread, and response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).

Main Results:

  • Neoadjuvant OV administration significantly prevented tumor relapse in preclinical models.
  • OV treatment effectively controlled the development of metastases.
  • Combined neoadjuvant OV therapy with ICIs demonstrated enhanced anti-tumor effects.

Conclusions:

  • Neoadjuvant oncolytic virus therapy is a viable strategy for preventing postsurgical cancer recurrence and metastasis.
  • OV-mediated immune stimulation can overcome resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors.
  • This therapeutic approach holds potential for improving cancer treatment outcomes.
Keywords:
Oncolytic virotherapybreast cancerimmune checkpoint blockadeneoadjuvant therapytriple-negative breast cancer

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