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Experimental Approach to Examine Leptin Signaling in the Carotid Bodies and its Effects on Control of Breathing
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Serum leptin in male hypothyroid prediabetic patients: Association with cardiovascular risk

Hanaa T El-Zawawy1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.

Cardiovascular Endocrinology & Metabolism
|October 25, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Serum leptin is elevated in hypothyroidism, regardless of prediabetes. In hypothyroid prediabetic patients, leptin correlates with metabolic syndrome markers, suggesting it may predict coronary heart disease risk.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Hypothyroidism and prediabetes are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
  • Hyperleptinemia is linked to coronary heart disease (CHD).
  • Limited research exists on leptin's role in hypothyroid patients with prediabetes and its impact on CHD risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine serum leptin levels in hypothyroid prediabetic patients.
  • To investigate the relationship between serum leptin and CHD risk factors in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study involving 120 hypothyroid males with normal glucose tolerance (Group A), 120 hypothyroid males with prediabetes (Group B), and 120 healthy controls (Group C).
  • Assessment included clinical examination and laboratory tests: blood glucose, lipid profile (TC, TG, LDL, HDL), thyroid hormones (free T3, free T4, TSH), and serum leptin.

Main Results:

  • Serum leptin was significantly elevated in both hypothyroid groups (A and B) compared to controls (P=0.0001).
  • Hypothyroid prediabetic patients (Group B) exhibited higher total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) compared to hypothyroid patients without prediabetes (Group A).
  • In Group B, serum leptin showed positive correlations with TC, triglycerides (TG), and LDL, and a negative correlation with HDL.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated serum leptin in hypothyroidism is independent of prediabetic status.
  • Serum leptin in hypothyroid prediabetic patients is associated with key metabolic syndrome markers.
  • Leptin may serve as a predictive marker for the development of CHD in individuals with hypothyroidism and prediabetes.
Abstract

Keywords:
cardiovascular riskhypothyroidleptinprediabetes

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