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Related Concept Videos

Rapidly Varying Flow01:24

Rapidly Varying Flow

374
Rapidly varying flow (RVF) in open channels is characterized by abrupt changes in flow depth over a short distance, with the rate of depth change relative to distance often approaching unity. These flows are inherently complex due to their transient and multi-dimensional nature, making exact analysis difficult. However, approximate solutions using simplified models provide valuable insights into their behavior.Key Features of Rapidly Varying FlowRVF is commonly observed in scenarios involving...
374

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 5, 2026

Author Spotlight: Improved Localization and Monitoring of Coronary Flow Reserve Using Modified PLAX View in Mice
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Sex Differences in Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio or Fractional Flow Reserve-Guided Revascularization Strategy.

Chee Hae Kim1, Bon-Kwon Koo2, Hakim-Moulay Dehbi3

  • 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, VHS Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.

JACC. Cardiovascular Interventions
|October 26, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Sex differences in revascularization strategies were evaluated. While fractional flow reserve (FFR)-guided treatment led to more procedures in men, both instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) and FFR showed similar clinical outcomes for all patients.

Keywords:
clinical outcomefractional flow reserveinstantaneous wave-free ratiosex

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular medicine
  • Interventional cardiology
  • Clinical trial analysis

Background:

  • Instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR)-guided revascularization shows lower rates than fractional flow reserve (FFR)-guided strategies.
  • No significant differences in clinical outcomes have been observed between iFR and FFR strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate sex-based differences in procedural characteristics and clinical outcomes.
  • Compare iFR- vs. FFR-guided revascularization strategies stratified by sex.

Main Methods:

  • Post hoc analysis of the DEFINE-FLAIR study (NCT02053038).
  • 601 women and 1,891 men randomized to iFR or FFR guidance.
  • Primary endpoint: 1-year major adverse cardiac events (MACE).

Main Results:

  • Women had fewer significant lesions and underwent less revascularization than men.
  • FFR-guided strategy increased revascularization in men but not women.
  • No significant sex differences in mean iFR values; men had lower mean FFR.
  • MACE rates were comparable between iFR and FFR strategies in both sexes.

Conclusions:

  • FFR-guided strategy increased revascularization in men, but not women.
  • Both iFR and FFR strategies demonstrated comparable clinical outcomes irrespective of sex.