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Related Experiment Video

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Design of a Cyclic Pressure Bioreactor for the Ex Vivo Study of Aortic Heart Valves
07:12

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Non-physiologic Bioreactor Processing Conditions for Heart Valve Tissue Engineering.

Mitchell C VeDepo1,2,3, Eric E Buse4, Arghya Paul5,6

  • 1Cardiac Regenerative Surgery Research Laboratories of The Ward Family Heart Center, Children's Mercy Kansas City, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA. mitchell.vedepo@cuanschutz.edu.

Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology
|October 26, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hypoxia, not pressure, significantly enhanced cellular infiltration in tissue-engineered heart valves. Novel bioreactor conditions, including non-physiologic hypoxia, improve recellularization for future heart valve therapies.

Keywords:
Bioreactor conditioningHeart valveHypoxiaTissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Engineering

Background:

  • Conventional methods for seeding decellularized heart valves show inconsistent cellular repopulation, especially in distal leaflets.
  • Bioreactor conditioning mimicking physiologic parameters has limitations in achieving adequate cellular infiltration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of non-intuitive bioreactor conditioning parameters on cellular infiltration and recellularization of engineered heart valves.
  • To explore the effects of hypoxia and cyclic pressure variations on mesenchymal stem cell seeding in ovine aortic heart valves.

Main Methods:

  • Ovine aortic heart valves were seeded with mesenchymal stem cells and cultured under four conditions: hypoxia/high pressure, normoxia/high pressure, hypoxia/negative pressure, and normoxia/negative pressure.
  • Cellular density, phenotype, and biochemical concentrations were analyzed to assess recellularization efficacy.

Main Results:

  • Hypoxic conditioning significantly increased cellular infiltration into the valve leaflets compared to normoxic conditions.
  • Cyclic pressure parameters did not demonstrate a significant effect on the degree of recellularization.
  • Protein expression analysis confirmed a consistent stem cell and valve interstitial cell phenotype across all groups.

Conclusions:

  • Non-physiologic bioreactor conditioning, specifically hypoxia, can enhance in vitro recellularization of engineered heart valve leaflets.
  • Investigating uncharacteristic culture conditions may offer benefits for tissue engineering and cell culture applications.
  • These findings suggest that bioreactor parameters do not always need to mimic physiologic conditions for successful tissue engineering.