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The Promise of miRNA Replacement Therapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Mahmoud Elhefnawi1,2, Zeinab Salah1, Bangly Soliman1
1Biomedical Informatics and Chemo-Informatics Group Leader, Centre of Excellence for Medical Research, National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo, Egypt.
Abstract:
Hepatocellular carcinoma is a devastating tumor which accounts for death mortality rate 94% globally, and about 780,000 new cases each year. Tumor suppressor miRNAs represent a class of noncoding RNAs, which exhibit decreased or inhibited expression in the case of carcinogenesis. Therefore, the replacement of these molecules leads to post-transcriptional regulation of tens to hundreds of oncogenic targets and limiting the tumor. Interestingly, there is a group of tumor silencer miRNAs that have been highlighted in HCC and herein, our review will discuss the prominent examples of these miRs in terms of their efficient delivery using vectors, nano-delivery systems, their successful models either in vitro or in vivo and pre-clinical trials. Collectively, tumor suppressor miRNAs can act as novel therapeutics for HCC and more studies should be directed towards these promising therapeutics.
Insights
Tumor suppressor microRNAs (miRNAs) show promise for treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Replacing these molecules can inhibit cancer growth, offering a new therapeutic avenue for HCC.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer death globally, with high mortality rates.
- Tumor suppressor microRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding RNAs with decreased expression in cancers, including HCC.
- Restoring tumor suppressor miRNA levels can regulate oncogenic targets and inhibit tumor progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review prominent tumor suppressor miRNAs implicated in HCC.
- To discuss strategies for their efficient delivery, including vectors and nano-delivery systems.
- To summarize their efficacy in in vitro, in vivo, and pre-clinical models.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on tumor suppressor miRNAs in HCC.
- Analysis of miRNA delivery systems (vectors, nanoparticles).
- Evaluation of pre-clinical data from in vitro and in vivo models.
Main Results:
- Several tumor suppressor miRNAs have been identified as significant in HCC.
- Various delivery systems demonstrate potential for effective miRNA replacement therapy.
- Promising results observed in pre-clinical studies support their therapeutic potential.
Conclusions:
- Tumor suppressor miRNAs represent a novel and promising therapeutic strategy for HCC.
- Further research is warranted to advance these miRNAs into clinical applications.
- miRNA-based therapies could offer a new approach to combatting HCC.
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