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Updated: Jan 4, 2026

Detection and Monitoring of Tumor Associated Circulating DNA in Patient Biofluids

Detection and Monitoring of Tumor Associated Circulating DNA in Patient Biofluids

Published on: June 8, 2019

Global Characterization of Circulating Nucleic Acids.

Marina Dunaeva¹, Ger J M Pruijn²

¹Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. m.dunaeva@ncmls.ru.nl.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)

|November 1, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Circulating nucleic acids (CNAs) in blood, including DNA and RNA fragments, can reveal disease-specific mutations. Analyzing these biomarkers offers a non-invasive alternative to traditional biopsies for various conditions.

Keywords:

Biomarker DNA Data analysis Isolation Sequencing Small RNA

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Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Biochemistry
Genetics

Background:

Circulating nucleic acids (CNAs) encompass DNA and RNA fragments found in blood, originating from various cellular processes.
Mechanisms of CNA release include apoptosis, necrosis, and active secretion from cells.
CNAs carry disease-specific molecular information, such as mutations and epigenetic alterations.

Purpose of the Study:

To detail methods for isolating and analyzing circulating nucleic acids.
To highlight the potential of CNAs as non-invasive biomarkers for disease detection and monitoring.
To provide a foundation for understanding CNA applications in diagnostics.

Main Methods:

Isolation of circulating DNA and small RNA from blood samples.
Preparation of cDNA libraries from CNA-derived material.
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) for CNA analysis.
Bioinformatic analysis of sequencing data for mutation and alteration detection.

Main Results:

CNAs contain specific mutations, indels, microsatellite alterations, and DNA methylation patterns linked to diseases.
Clinical relevance demonstrated across conditions like cancer, stroke, myocardial infarction, and pregnancy complications.
NGS application reveals the molecular landscape of CNAs.

Conclusions:

Circulating nucleic acids are valuable biomarkers with significant clinical implications.
CNA analysis offers a promising, less invasive alternative to conventional biopsy methods.
The described methodologies facilitate robust CNA isolation, library preparation, and data analysis for research and diagnostics.