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Root colonization by endophytic insect-pathogenic fungi.

S Hu1, M J Bidochka1

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada.

Journal of Applied Microbiology
|November 1, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Endophytic insect-pathogenic fungi (EIPF) form symbiotic relationships with plant roots, transferring nitrogen from insects to plants. This review explores EIPF interactions, crucial for agricultural applications.

Keywords:
BeauveriaMetarhiziumendophytic fungus-plant root interactionsentomopathogenic fungiplant endophytes

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Mycology
  • Plant Pathology

Background:

  • Endophytic insect-pathogenic fungi (EIPF), including Beauveria and Metarhizium, associate with plant roots.
  • These fungi exhibit both insect pathogenicity and plant symbiotic capabilities.
  • The nitrogen transfer from insects to plants via EIPF is a key symbiotic function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms of endophytic insect-pathogenic fungi (EIPF) interactions with plant roots.
  • To elucidate the five key aspects of EIPF-plant root symbiosis.
  • To highlight the importance of understanding these interactions for agricultural applications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of EIPF-plant root interactions.
  • Analysis of five key interaction aspects: rhizosphere colonization, signaling, defense modulation, nutrient exchange, and tripartite interactions.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on EIPF symbiotic mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • EIPF colonization of plant roots involves specific signaling and defense modulation.
  • Nutrient exchange, particularly insect-derived nitrogen for plant photosynthates, is central to the symbiosis.
  • EIPF offer benefits including improved plant growth, pathogen antagonism, and enhanced stress tolerance.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding EIPF-plant root interactions is essential for harnessing their agricultural potential.
  • Further research into the biochemical and genetic mechanisms is needed.
  • EIPF represent a promising avenue for sustainable agriculture and integrated pest management.