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Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy

Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy

Optical microscopy uses optic principles to provide detailed images of samples. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek designed the first compound optical microscope in the 17th century to visualize blood cells, bacteria, and yeast cells. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes with enhanced magnification and resolution.
In optical microscopy, the specimen to be viewed is placed on a glass slide and clipped on the stage...

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Monocular 3D Probe Tracking for Generating Sub-Surface Optical Property Maps From Diffuse Optical Spectroscopic

Robert Amelard, Jesse H Lam, Brian Hill

IEEE Transactions on Bio-Medical Engineering

|November 1, 2019

Summary

A new co-integrative optical imaging system enables dense, sub-surface tissue assessment with sub-millimeter accuracy. This diffuse optical spectroscopic imaging (DOSI) advancement aids in real-time, non-invasive cancer screening and disease monitoring.

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Area of Science:

Biophotonics and Biomedical Optics
Medical Imaging Technology
Optical Spectroscopy

Background:

Diffuse optical spectroscopic imaging (DOSI) is valuable for clinical tissue assessment.
Current DOSI systems face challenges in wide-area tissue assessment.
Dense sub-surface optical property mapping is crucial for accurate diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a co-integrative optical imaging system for dense sub-surface optical property spatial assessment.
To overcome limitations of wide-area assessment in current DOSI technologies.
To enable real-time, non-invasive tissue health and cancer screening.

Main Methods:

Fused camera frames and diffuse optical spectroscopy measurements for spatial mapping.
Developed a 3D rigid body motion estimation model using an overhead camera.
Measured point-wise optical properties using frequency domain photon migration DOSI.
Fused probe trajectory and optical property data to generate 2D spatial maps.

Main Results:

Achieved sub-millimeter positional accuracy (0.24 ± 0.35 mm) across various probe speeds (1.0-3.8 cm/s).
Demonstrated accurate displacement in overhead and tilted camera orientations.
Showcased strong contrast in phantoms and significant optical property changes in vivo.

Conclusions:

The co-integrative system generates dense sub-surface optical property distributions with sub-millimeter accuracy.
The system allows for unstructured scanning and wide-area tissue assessment.
This technology supports real-time, non-invasive tissue assessment and longitudinal disease monitoring.