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Yellow Fever in Travelers
1London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK. anneliesws@gmail.com.
Current Infectious Disease Reports
|November 2, 2019
Summary
Yellow fever (YF) is resurging globally, impacting international travelers. Improved vaccination strategies and clinical management are crucial for preventing severe YF disease and its spread.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology and Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
- Travel Medicine
Background:
- Global resurgence of yellow fever (YF) in the current decade.
- Record number of international travelers infected with YF virus.
- First documented importation of YF into Asia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the resurgence of yellow fever (YF) and its impact on international travelers.
- To highlight the need for updated knowledge in diagnosis and clinical management of severe YF.
- To emphasize the importance of vaccination and adherence to International Health Regulations.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent yellow fever (YF) outbreaks and travel-related cases.
- Analysis of factors contributing to YF resurgence, including vaccination coverage and immunity.
- Evaluation of clinical management strategies for severe YF based on recent outbreaks.
- Assessment of YF vaccine safety profile and adverse events.
Main Results:
- YF resurgence linked to suboptimal vaccination coverage and waning immunity.
- New insights gained in managing severe YF from the Brazilian outbreak.
- YF vaccine has a generally acceptable safety profile over 80 years, but serious adverse events (viscerotropic and neurotropic disease) can occur, especially in first-time vaccinees.
- Increasing YF cases in travelers necessitate enhanced awareness among travel medicine providers.
Conclusions:
- Prevention through vaccination and adherence to International Health Regulations is paramount.
- Travel medicine providers must be updated on YF diagnosis and severe case management.
- Continued education on YF vaccination risks and benefits is essential, with a need to better define risk criteria for improved benefit-risk assessments.
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