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Lipids and platelet function in runners.

J R Haigh¹, C A Fruin, R Pinn

¹School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich.

British Journal of Sports Medicine

|June 1, 1988

Summary

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Distance running impacts cell membrane fatty acids, with runners showing higher docosahexaenoic acid in platelets and specific fatty acids in erythrocytes. Triglyceride levels were lower in runners, suggesting benefits beyond platelet function.

Area of Science:

Exercise Physiology
Biochemistry
Lipid Metabolism

Background:

Cell membrane composition influences cellular function.
Lipid profiles are associated with cardiovascular health.
Endurance exercise may alter lipid metabolism and cell membrane characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of distance running on erythrocyte and platelet membrane fatty acid composition.
To compare platelet aggregation and serum lipid profiles between runners and non-runners.
To determine if observed physiological changes are linked to exercise or potential antithrombotic effects.

Main Methods:

Recruited 11 distance runners and 12 age-matched non-running controls.
Analyzed fatty acid composition of platelet and erythrocyte membranes.

Related Experiment Videos

Measured platelet aggregation, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDLc), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc), total cholesterol, and triglycerides.

Main Results:

Platelet aggregation and overall membrane fatty acid profiles were similar between groups.
Runners exhibited significantly higher platelet docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6 omega 3).
Erythrocytes of runners showed significantly higher C20:3 omega 6/C22:1 omega 9 and C22:5 omega 3 levels.
Triglyceride levels were significantly lower in runners; HDLc, LDLc, and total cholesterol showed no significant differences.

Conclusions:

Distance running alters specific membrane fatty acid profiles in platelets and erythrocytes.
Lower triglyceride levels in runners may contribute to exercise-related health benefits.
The beneficial effects of running appear primarily linked to serum lipid alterations rather than antithrombotic platelet activity.