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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 4, 2026

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments
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Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments

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Sleepiness as a Local Phenomenon.

Sasha D'Ambrosio1, Anna Castelnovo2, Ottavia Guglielmi3

  • 1Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Cliniche "L. Sacco", Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.

Frontiers in Neuroscience
|November 5, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Sleep restriction negatively impacts health and performance. Emerging research suggests that localized sleep in small brain areas may explain some aspects of sleepiness during wakefulness.

Keywords:
EEG slowingOFF-periodslocal sleepmicrosleepperformanceprolonged wakefulnesssleep losssleepiness

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sleep Science

Background:

  • Sleep is a fundamental biological necessity, occupying a significant portion of life.
  • Chronic sleep restriction is a growing global health concern, linked to increased morbidity and mortality.
  • Sleep loss impairs cognitive function, emotional regulation, and overall health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify how sleep can intrude into wakefulness.
  • To summarize recent scientific advancements in understanding local sleep phenomena.
  • To propose hypotheses framing sleepiness as a localized brain event.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature on sleep and wakefulness.
  • Analysis of studies investigating localized brain activity during sleep and wake states.
  • Formulation of theoretical hypotheses based on current research.

Main Results:

  • Sleep can manifest locally within the brain, with some areas sleeping while others remain awake.
  • Local sleep phenomena offer a potential explanation for certain cognitive and behavioral symptoms of sleepiness.
  • The concept of sleep intruding into wakefulness is supported by emerging evidence.

Conclusions:

  • Sleepiness may not always be a global brain state but can be a local phenomenon.
  • Understanding local sleep is crucial for addressing the health consequences of sleep restriction.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms and implications of local sleep.