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Factors associated with all-cause mortality in pediatric invasive fungal rhinosinusitis

Azamar Alejandro1, Carlos de la Torre González1, Mantilla Edgar1

  • 1Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Hospital Infantil de México, Federico Gómez, Mexico.

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
|November 5, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (PIFR) is a severe infection with high mortality. Delayed surgical treatment significantly increases the risk of death in these immunocompromised children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Otolaryngology
  • Mycology

Background:

  • Pediatric invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (PIFR) is a life-threatening infection.
  • Mortality rates for PIFR range widely from 18% to 80%.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify factors contributing to mortality in pediatric patients diagnosed with acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 18 pediatric patients with PIFR at a tertiary referral center.
  • Evaluation of patient demographics, immunosuppression causes, and treatment timelines.

Main Results:

  • Overall mortality was 56% in the studied pediatric cohort.
  • The primary cause of immunosuppression was acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
  • A delay in surgical intervention exceeding 7 days post-diagnosis was the sole significant factor associated with increased mortality.

Conclusions:

  • PIFR presents as an aggressive condition with a substantial mortality rate.
  • Prompt diagnosis, surgical debridement, and systemic antifungal therapy are critical for improving patient survival.
  • Timely surgical intervention is paramount in reducing mortality associated with PIFR.
Abstract

Keywords:
Acute lymphoblastic leukemiaDeathImmunosuppressionMortalityPediatric invasive fungal rhinosinusitis

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