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A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference
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High purity single photons entangled with an atomic qubit.

C Crocker, M Lichtman, K Sosnova

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    Researchers developed a highly pure single-photon source using trapped barium ions (Ba+) for quantum networks. This breakthrough enhances quantum memory-photon entanglement for more robust quantum communication.

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    Area of Science:

    • Quantum Information Science
    • Atomic Physics
    • Quantum Networking

    Background:

    • Trapped atomic ions serve as promising quantum network nodes due to their long-lived qubit memories.
    • Entanglement between nodes is achieved via photonic channels, requiring high-purity single photons for interface integrity.
    • Existing methods face challenges in balancing photon generation rate and entanglement fidelity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a high-purity single-photon source for quantum networking applications.
    • To optimize the trade-off between photon generation rate and memory-photon entanglement fidelity.
    • To utilize trapped 138Ba+ ions as a robust quantum memory and single-photon emitter.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a trapped 138Ba+ ion as the quantum memory and single-photon emitter.
    • Measured single-photon purity using the second-order correlation function, g⁽²⁾(0).
    • Tailored the spatial mode of collected light to optimize entanglement fidelity and generation rate.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a single-photon purity of g⁽²⁾(0)=(8.1±2.3)×10⁻⁵ without background subtraction.
    • Demonstrated optimization of the trade-off between photonic generation rate and memory-photon entanglement fidelity.
    • Successfully generated polarization photonic qubits with improved characteristics.

    Conclusions:

    • The demonstrated 138Ba+ ion-based single-photon source is highly suitable for quantum network nodes.
    • Optimizing light collection modes offers a pathway to enhance quantum networking protocols.
    • This work advances the development of efficient and reliable quantum communication systems.