Quantum noise radar: superresolution with quantum antennas by accessing spatiotemporal correlations

Area of Science:

• Quantum optics
• Superresolution imaging
• Nanophotonics

Background:

• The Rayleigh criterion limits optical imaging resolution.
• Superresolution techniques aim to surpass classical diffraction limits.
• Quantum phenomena offer novel approaches to enhance imaging capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

• To demonstrate superresolution imaging using a superradiant quantum antenna.
• To investigate the potential of correlated quantum fields for overcoming the Rayleigh catastrophe.
• To enhance the accuracy of position estimation for multiple scatterers.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of far-field radiation from two interacting, spontaneously emitting two-level systems.
• Measurement of the temporally delayed second-order correlation function of the scattered field.
• Utilizing Fisher information for position estimation accuracy.

Main Results:

• Fisher information remains non-zero for closely spaced scatterers, even with time-averaged detection.
• Time-delayed correlation function measurements offer significant accuracy gains over zero-delayed measurements for position estimation.
• Superresolution is achievable for both near-field imaging and antenna parameter estimation.

Conclusions:

• A superradiant quantum antenna can overcome classical imaging resolution limits.
• Quantum correlations in scattered fields are key to achieving superresolution.
• This approach provides a pathway to enhanced precision in nanoscale imaging and parameter sensing.