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Comparison of Staphylococcus aureus surface protein extraction methods and immunogenicity
Reta Duguma Abdi1,2, John R Dunlap3, Barbara E Gillespie1
1Department of Animal Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN37966, United States.
Heliyon
|November 6, 2019
Summary
Researchers identified effective surface proteins from Staphylococcus aureus for a bovine mastitis vaccine. Two novel extraction methods proved feasible, cheaper, and less damaging than biotinylation for identifying these key antigens.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Microbiology
- Bacterial Pathogenesis
- Vaccine Development
Background:
- Staphylococcus aureus is a primary cause of contagious bovine mastitis, lacking an effective vaccine.
- Strain variability and unknown common immunogenic antigens hinder vaccine development.
- Surface proteins of S. aureus are promising vaccine candidates due to host immune system exposure.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare two novel S. aureus surface protein extraction methods against a biotinylation method.
- To evaluate the immune-reactivity of proteins extracted by these methods.
- To identify potential vaccine candidates for controlling S. aureus bovine mastitis.
Main Methods:
- Extraction of surface proteins from nine distinct S. aureus strains isolated from bovine mastitis cases.
- Assessment of bacterial cell integrity post-extraction using Gram staining and electron microscopy.
- Separation of extracted proteins via SDS-PAGE and evaluation of immune-reactivity using Western blot.
Main Results:
- All three extraction methods yielded multiple protein bands on SDS-PAGE.
- Western blot analysis revealed several immunoreactive surface proteins.
- Some proteins demonstrated strong reactivity across all nine tested S. aureus strains.
Conclusions:
- Hexadecane and cholic acid methods are more feasible, cost-effective, and less damaging than biotinylation for S. aureus surface protein extraction.
- Identified strongly immune-reactive surface proteins are potential candidates for a S. aureus mastitis vaccine.
