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Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating

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X-ray interference fringes from a weakly bent plane-parallel crystal with negative strain gradient.

Tomoe Fukamachi¹, Sukswat Jongsukswat², Dongying Ju¹

¹Saitama Institute of Technology, Fukaya, Saitama 369-0293, Japan.

Acta Crystallographica. Section A, Foundations and Advances

|November 7, 2019

Summary

X-ray interference fringes were observed in a bent crystal due to anomalous transmission. These fringes are sensitive to minute strain gradients, offering a novel method for strain measurement.

Keywords:

X-ray beam trajectory bent crystal dynamical theory of X-ray diffraction interference fringes mirage fringes multiple Bragg diffraction

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Area of Science:

Solid-state physics
Crystallography
X-ray optics

Background:

Anomalous transmission in Bragg diffraction is a phenomenon observed in perfect crystals.
Dynamical diffraction theory describes X-ray interactions within crystals.
Strain gradients can significantly alter X-ray propagation and diffraction patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate X-ray interference fringes under anomalous transmission in a weakly bent crystal.
To analyze the origin of these fringes using dynamical diffraction theory.
To explore the sensitivity of fringe periodicity to strain gradients.

Main Methods:

Utilizing anomalous transmission in the Bragg mode with a plane-parallel perfect crystal.
Employing a negative strain gradient within the crystal.
Analyzing interference fringes in reflected, transmitted, and laterally emitted X-ray beams.

Main Results:

Observed X-ray interference fringes between beams with different hyperbolic trajectories.
Identified fringe origins in multiple reflections (once- and twice-reflected, direct and once-reflected, and multiply reflected beams).
Demonstrated fringe periodicity sensitivity to strain of the order of 10^-7.

Conclusions:

Anomalous transmission in bent crystals generates observable X-ray interference fringes.
The observed fringes arise from the interference of multiply reflected beams.
The high sensitivity of fringe periods to strain gradients offers potential for precise strain metrology.