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Orexins as Novel Therapeutic Targets in Inflammatory and Neurodegenerative Diseases

Alain Couvineau1, Thierry Voisin1, Pascal Nicole1

  • 1INSERM UMR1149/Inflammation Research Center (CRI), Team "From Inflammation to Cancer in Digestive Diseases" Labeled by "la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer", University of Paris, Paris, France.

Frontiers in Endocrinology
|November 8, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Orexins, neuropeptides from the hypothalamus, regulate sleep, appetite, and brain functions. Emerging research highlights their neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory roles, suggesting therapeutic potential for immune-related diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Orexins (orexin-A and orexin-B) are hypothalamic neuropeptides.
  • They modulate critical CNS functions including sleep-wake cycles, appetite, and energy homeostasis.
  • Orexin signaling involves OX1R and OX2R G protein-coupled receptors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent data on the neuroprotective and immuno-regulatory properties of orexins.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of orexins in diseases with an immune component.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent scientific data.
  • Analysis of studies investigating orexin functions and therapeutic applications.

Main Results:

  • Orexins exhibit neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects.
  • These properties are linked to the interplay between the nervous and immune systems.
  • Recent data support a therapeutic role for orexins in various conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Orexins possess significant therapeutic potential.
  • This potential extends to pathologies involving immune system dysregulation, such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and cancers.
Keywords:
GPCRautoimmune diseasescancergastroenterologyinflammationneuropeptidesneuroprotectionorexins

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