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A suite of global accessibility indicators.

Andy Nelson1, Daniel J Weiss2, Jacob van Etten3

  • 1Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands. a.nelson@utwente.nl.

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|November 9, 2019
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Summary

This study introduces global travel-time accessibility indicators for various settlement sizes in 2015. These metrics enhance understanding of resource access, crucial for sustainable development, especially in rural regions.

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Area of Science:

  • Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
  • Sustainable Development Studies
  • Spatial Analysis

Background:

  • Access to resources and opportunities is fundamental for sustainable development.
  • Existing global travel-time maps primarily focus on large cities, neglecting smaller settlements.
  • Measuring access across diverse settlement sizes is crucial for equitable development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and present a suite of global travel-time accessibility indicators for 2015.
  • To provide measures of access across a spectrum of settlement sizes, from small towns to megacities.
  • To enhance the understanding of spatial inequalities in access to resources and opportunities.

Main Methods:

  • Creation of nine global travel-time accessibility indicators at approximately one-kilometre resolution for 2015.
  • Inclusion of various settlement size classes, from small towns to megacities.
  • Validation of travel-time estimates using Google driving directions data across numerous global locations.

Main Results:

  • Development of comprehensive global travel-time accessibility indicators for diverse settlement sizes.
  • Validation confirmed good agreement with real-world driving times, with a median difference of -13.7 minutes.
  • The developed indicators offer a more nuanced view of accessibility than previous city-centric approaches.

Conclusions:

  • The new indicators provide valuable data for assessing and improving access to resources and opportunities globally.
  • These measures are essential for targeted interventions to promote sustainable development, particularly in underserved rural areas.
  • The study highlights the importance of considering the full spectrum of human settlements in accessibility research.