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Potential molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of arsenic on angiogenesis
Juan Zhang1, Yue Zhang1, Weiyan Wang1
1Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Nan Gang, Harbin, China.
Abstract:
Arsenic is a potent chemotherapeutic drug that is applied as a treatment for cancer; it exerts its functions through multiple pathways, including angiogenesis inhibition. As angiogenesis is a critical component of the progression of many diseases, arsenic is a feasible treatment option for patients with other angiogenic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis, among others. However, arsenic is also a well-known carcinogen, demonstrating a pro-angiogenesis effect. This review will focus on the dual effects of arsenic on neovascularization and the relevant mechanisms underlying these effects, aiming to provide a rational understanding of arsenic treatment. In particular, we expect to provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge of the mechanisms by which arsenic influences angiogenesis.
Insights
Arsenic has dual effects on angiogenesis, acting as both an anti-cancer agent by inhibiting neovascularization and a carcinogen that promotes it. Understanding these mechanisms is key for its therapeutic application.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Arsenic compounds are utilized in cancer chemotherapy, primarily by inhibiting angiogenesis.
- Angiogenesis is crucial in the progression of various diseases, making arsenic a potential therapeutic agent for conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis.
- Conversely, arsenic is also recognized as a carcinogen with pro-angiogenic properties, highlighting a complex role in neovascularization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the dual effects of arsenic on neovascularization.
- To elucidate the underlying mechanisms responsible for arsenic's influence on angiogenesis.
- To provide a rational basis for the clinical application of arsenic in treating angiogenic diseases.
Main Methods:
- This review synthesizes existing literature on arsenic's effects on angiogenesis.
- Mechanisms of action are analyzed from various biochemical and cellular studies.
- Clinical data on arsenic therapy for cancer and other angiogenic diseases are considered.
Main Results:
- Arsenic exhibits context-dependent effects on angiogenesis, acting as an inhibitor in some cancer treatments and a promoter in others.
- Key molecular pathways modulated by arsenic include VEGF signaling, inflammatory responses, and cellular proliferation.
- The pro-angiogenic effect of arsenic contributes to its carcinogenic potential.
Conclusions:
- Arsenic possesses a complex, dual role in regulating angiogenesis, necessitating careful consideration for therapeutic use.
- A comprehensive understanding of arsenic's mechanisms is essential for optimizing its application in oncology and other angiogenic diseases.
- Further research is warranted to fully delineate the therapeutic window and potential risks associated with arsenic-based treatments.
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