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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

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In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

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NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of one, the...
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Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

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The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin01:08

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin

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All atomic particles possess an intrinsic angular momentum, or 'spin'. Electrons, protons, and neutrons each have a spin value of ½, although protons and neutrons in nuclei may have higher half-integer spins owing to energetic factors.
Atomic nuclei have a net nuclear spin, , which can have an integer or half-integer value. In atomic nuclei, the spins of protons are paired against each other but not with neutrons, and vice versa. Consequently, an even number of protons does not contribute to...
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution01:14

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution

2.3K
Near absolute zero temperatures, in the presence of a magnetic field, the majority of nuclei prefer the lower energy spin-up state to the higher energy spin-down state. As temperatures increase, the energy from thermal collisions distributes the spins more equally between the two states. The Boltzmann distribution equation gives the ratio of the number of spins predicted in the spin −½ (N−) and spin +½ (N+) states.
2.3K
NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling01:08

NMR Spectroscopy: Spin–Spin Coupling

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The spin state of an NMR-active nucleus can have a slight effect on its immediate electronic environment. This effect propagates through the intervening bonds and affects the electronic environments of NMR-active nuclei up to three bonds away; occasionally, even farther. This phenomenon is called spin–spin coupling or J-coupling. Coupling interactions are mutual and result in small changes in the absorption frequencies of both nuclei involved. While nuclei of the same element are involved...
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Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor
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Collective Quantum Memory Activated by a Driven Central Spin.

Emil V Denning1,2, Dorian A Gangloff2, Mete Atatüre2

  • 1Department of Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.

Physical Review Letters
|November 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Strain-enabled nuclear spin waves in quantum dots offer a promising avenue for collective quantum memories. This research demonstrates high-fidelity quantum state storage using these spin waves, achieving up to 90% fidelity.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Computing

Background:

  • Collective quantum memories are crucial for quantum information processing.
  • Exciting collective modes of nuclear spins in quantum dots is a key challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and theoretically evaluate a quantum state transfer mechanism using electron-nuclear spin interactions.
  • To assess the feasibility of using strain-enabled nuclear spin waves for quantum memory applications.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a microscopic theory for the exact time evolution of a strained electron-nuclear spin system.
  • Simulation of quantum state storage operations within this theoretical framework.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated deterministic excitation of low-energy nuclear spin waves by a driven electron in a strained quantum dot.
  • Achieved quantum state storage fidelities up to 90% with 50% nuclear polarization.
  • Identified long nuclear coherence times in the presence of a strong magnetic field.

Conclusions:

  • Strain-enabled nuclear spin waves are a highly suitable candidate for robust quantum memory.
  • The proposed electron-nuclear spin gating mechanism enables efficient quantum state transfer.
  • High fidelities are attainable with modest experimental requirements.