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Electron Transport Chain Components01:29

Electron Transport Chain Components

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The electron transport chain (ETC) is a crucial metabolic pathway that facilitates energy conversion in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. In eukaryotes, the ETC comprises four membrane-associated protein complexes in the inner mitochondrial membrane. In prokaryotes, the ETC in the plasma membrane can vary in composition, with fewer or different complexes depending on the organism and environmental conditions. These complexes transfer electrons from electron donors, such as NADH and FADH2, to...
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Electron Transport Chains01:28

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The final stage of cellular respiration is oxidative phosphorylation that consists of two steps: the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis. The electron transport chain is a set of proteins found in the inner mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotic cells. Its primary function is to establish a proton gradient that can be used during chemiosmosis to produce ATP and generate electron carriers, such as NAD+ and FAD, that are used in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.
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Electron Transport Chain: Complex III and IV01:43

Electron Transport Chain: Complex III and IV

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During the electron transport chain, electrons from NADH and FADH2 are first transferred to complexes I and II, respectively. These two complexes then transfer the electrons to ubiquinol, which carries them further to complex III. Complex III passes the electrons across the intermembrane space to Cyt c, which carries them further to complex IV. Complex IV donates electrons to oxygen and reduces it to water. As electrons pass through complexes I, III, and IV, the energy released aids the pumping...
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Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II01:46

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The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
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The Supercomplexes in the Crista Membrane01:41

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The mitochondrial cristae membrane is the primary site for the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) process of energy conversion mediated through respiratory complexes I to V. These complexes have been widely studied for decades, and it has been proven that they form supramolecular structures called respiratory supercomplexes (SC). These higher-order complexes may be crucial in maintaining the biochemical structure and improving the physiological activity of the individual complexes while...
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Anoxygenic Photosynthesis

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Anoxygenic photosynthesis is a phototrophic process that captures light energy to drive carbon fixation without producing molecular oxygen. Unlike oxygenic photosynthesis, which utilizes water as an electron donor and releases oxygen, anoxygenic phototrophs use alternative electron donors such as hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), elemental sulfur (S⁰), or thiosulfate (S₂O₃²⁻). This process is carried out by diverse groups of bacteria, including purple bacteria, green...
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Electrochemical Detection of Deuterium Kinetic Isotope Effect on Extracellular Electron Transport in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1
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Spin-Dependent Electron Transport through Bacterial Cell Surface Multiheme Electron Conduits.

Suryakant Mishra1, Sahand Pirbadian2, Amit Kumar Mondal1

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biological Physics , Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot 76100 , Israel.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|November 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Electron transport through bacterial outer-membrane cytochromes is spin-selective, a finding with implications for microbial energy metabolism and bioelectronic devices. This spin selectivity influences electron flow across biotic-abiotic interfaces.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbial electrochemistry and bioenergetics
  • Biophysics of electron transfer
  • Nanomaterials and biosensing

Background:

  • Bacterial outer-membrane multiheme cytochromes facilitate extracellular electron transfer over long distances (>10 nm).
  • These cytochromes link intracellular metabolism to external electron acceptors like minerals or electrodes.
  • Chiral induced spin selectivity (CIS) is a proposed mechanism for efficient spin-dependent electron transport in biomolecules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether spin selectivity influences electron transport in bacterial extracellular electron conduits.
  • To explore the role of chiral induced spin selectivity in the function of decaheme cytochromes MtrF and OmcA.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized magnetic conductive probe atomic force microscopy.
  • Performed Hall voltage measurements.
  • Conducted spin-dependent electrochemistry on purified MtrF and OmcA from *Shewanella oneidensis* MR-1.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that electron transport through decaheme cytochromes MtrF and OmcA is spin-selective.
  • Provided experimental evidence for spin-dependent electron transfer in these microbial extracellular conduits.

Conclusions:

  • Extracellular electron transfer mediated by bacterial cytochromes exhibits chiral induced spin selectivity.
  • Findings suggest spin-dependent interactions and magnetic fields can control electron transport at biotic-abiotic interfaces.
  • Implications for understanding microbial respiration and developing novel bioelectronic technologies.