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Staphylococcus epidermidis sepsis induces hypercoagulability in preterm pigs.

Anne Kirstine Havnsøe Krogh1, Anders Brunse2, Thomas Thymann2

  • 1Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

Research in Veterinary Science
|November 10, 2019
PubMed
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Gram positive bacteria sepsis in preterm infants causes high mortality and hemostatic dysfunction. This study found Staphylococcus epidermidis sepsis induced hypercoagulability in pigs, with bovine colostrum not affecting this response.

Area of Science:

  • * Neonatal Research
  • * Microbiology
  • * Hematology

Background:

  • * Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus epidermidis (SE), are a significant cause of sepsis in human preterm infants, leading to high mortality and hemostatic dysfunction.
  • * The potential protective effects of bovine colostrum against sepsis and associated hemostatic complications in neonates remain largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To investigate the hemostatic response in premature pigs with Staphylococcus epidermidis (SE) induced sepsis.
  • * To determine the effect of bovine colostrum feeding on the hypercoagulable response in septic premature pigs.
  • * To compare the hemostatic profiles of healthy preterm pigs versus full-term pigs.

Main Methods:

  • * Utilized thromboelastography, activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, and fibrinogen concentration measurements.
Keywords:
Gestational ageHemostasisPigPreterm animal modelSepsisThromboelastography

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  • * Evaluated SE-infected premature pigs, SE-infected premature pigs fed bovine colostrum, and uninfected controls over 24 hours.
  • * Assessed hemostatic parameters in separate groups of premature and full-term pigs over 11 days.

    • Main Results:

    • * SE-induced sepsis in premature pigs resulted in a hypercoagulable state, characterized by increased clot strength, decreased fibrinolysis, low platelet count, and high fibrinogen.
    • * Bovine colostrum administration did not alter the hemostatic response in septic pigs.
    • * Healthy preterm pigs exhibited a hypocoagulable state compared to full-term pigs, with reduced clot strength, prolonged prothrombin time, and low fibrinogen, which normalized by 11 days postpartum.

    Conclusions:

    • * Staphylococcus epidermidis sepsis in premature pigs triggers a hypercoagulable hemostatic response.
    • * Bovine colostrum does not mitigate the hemostatic dysfunction associated with sepsis in this model.
    • * Preterm pigs, similar to human infants, present with a naturally hypocoagulable hemostatic profile compared to full-term pigs.