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Charting How Wealth Shapes Educational Pathways from Childhood to Early Adulthood: A Developmental Process Model
Matthew A Diemer1, Aixa D Marchand2, Rashmita S Mistry3
1University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. diemerm@umich.edu.
Journal of Youth and Adolescence
|November 11, 2019
Summary
Wealth significantly impacts children's educational success through parental expectations and achievement. Pre-birth wealth also influences later educational attainment, highlighting wealth's complex role across the lifespan.
Area of Science:
- Sociology
- Developmental Psychology
- Economics
Background:
- Wealth is inequitably distributed and sustains inequality.
- Wealth influences children's educational outcomes, but specific mechanisms are unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the mediating mechanisms through which wealth affects children's educational outcomes.
- To examine the longitudinal impact of wealth across the life course.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) and its supplements.
- Employed structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze longitudinal data over 27 years.
- Focused on a sample of 1247 young people from pre-birth to early adulthood.
Main Results:
- Wealth fosters parental and child processes (expectations, achievement) promoting educational success.
- Wealth's role in educational outcomes varies across developmental stages.
- Pre-birth wealth significantly mediates educational attainment 17 years later.
Conclusions:
- Wealth influences educational success through specific mediating pathways.
- Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for addressing wealth-related educational disparities.
- Wealth's impact on education is a dynamic, life-course phenomenon.
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